facts about the saskatchewan river

At The Bridge River Ash is in the vicinity of the North Saskatchewan River, which erupted from the Mount Meager massif in southwestern British Columbia about 2350 years ago. On the western boundary and across the southwest corner is another plains region of generally higher altitudes. At Rocky Mountain House, the river abruptly turns north again for 100 kilometres (62mi) where it switches east towards Edmonton, Alberta. If you believe all Ward, N. (2023). The commercial freshwater fisheries, although valuable locally where they exist, are among the smallest in Canada. [13], There are four Important Bird Areas (IBA) of Canada along the South Saskatchewan River. 1. The site covers an area of 208.6km (129.6mi). North Saskatchewan River is a glacier-fed river that flows from the Canadian Rockies continental divide east to central Saskatchewan, where it joins with the South Saskatchewan River to make up the Saskatchewan River. "Geography of Saskatchewan". Our team will be reviewing your submission and get back to you with any further questions. The altitudes of the grain belt drop markedly A characteristic feature of Saskatchewans farming landscape is the dugout, a large excavation designed to catch the spring runoff From the headwaters of the Finlay River, which flows into Williston Lake (the impounded waters of the Peace River) west of the Rocky Mountains, the entire river system runs for 2,635 miles (4,241 km) through the lake-strewn Canadian north to empty into the cold and often-frozen waters of the Beaufort Sea in the Arctic Ocean. Bighorn Dam constricts the north end of Abraham Lake, where the North Saskatchewan emerges to track eastward to Rocky Mountain House. Indigenous peoples have inhabited the Saskatchewan River basin for over 10,000 years and the river served as a major east-west transportation route.The basin includes the traditional territories of the Blackfoot Confederacy to the west, the Assiniboine (primarily south of the river), Cree, Ojibwa and Mtis. 2008. The presence of dams and associated water regulation has led to a decrease in the frequency of flooding to wetlands and marshes in the delta. The river valley is dominated by cottonwood trees and shrubs, and increasingly home to invasive species, including bladder campion, leafy spurge, scentless chamomile, Canada thistle and perennial sow thistle. North Saskatchewan contains 16 cities, the largest and smallest of which are Saskatoon and Melville, respectively. Power boat and jet ski riders, kayakers and paddle boarders all take full advantage of the waterway as soon as the ice thaws. The first known European to enter Saskatchewan River was Henry Kelsey in 1690, who travelled up the Saskatchewan River in hopes of trading fur with the region's indigenous peoples. The North Saskatchewan River looks less like chocolate milk than usual. Saskatchewan is the only province without a natural border. [11], Fish species include: walleye, sauger, yellow perch, northern pike, goldeye, mooneye, lake sturgeon, mountain whitefish, burbot, longnose sucker, white sucker and shorthead redhorse. During times of water scarcity, it is particularly important for albertans to conserve water and use it as efficiently and productively as possible. South of the Canadian Shield is the The province lies between Alberta on the west and Manitoba to the east, and between the Northwest Territories on the north and the states of Montana and North Dakota on the south, 588,239.21 sq. 5. "Saskatchewan Facts." The Saskatchewan River delta is the largest inland freshwater delta in North America and home to an abundance of mammals, including elk, white-tailed deer, black bear, muskrat, beaver, mink, otter, lynx and wolf, as well as over 200 species of birds, such as mallard, ring-necked duck, blue-winged teal, canvasback and Canada goose. The North Saskatchewan River and downtown Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. The province has experienced January temperatures below -50C and July temperatures above 40C. Origin of the Province On September 1, 1905, Saskatchewan became a province, with inauguration day held September 4. By far the most important post was Cumberland House which was the depot for the route northwest to the rich Athabasca country. [7], Its Cree name is kisiskciwanispiy, meaning 'swift current'. [7] In 2019, James Smith Cree Nation began developing the project with AECOM and Tesla Energy. [1] Its watershed includes most of southern and central Alberta and Saskatchewan. Last Updated: Article History Table of Contents Listen to article Date: 1811 - 1836 Major Events: Seven Oaks Massacre Key People: Gabriel Dumont Duncan Cameron Thomas Douglas, 5th Earl of Selkirk, Lord Daer and Shortcleuch . Southeast of The Pas, it forms several streams in a delta on the northwest side of Cedar Lake, then exiting the lake on its southeast end and flowing approximately 5km (3mi) to Lake Winnipeg, entering on the northwest shore north of Long Point. However, aquifers can be tapped only through technology that may be expensive. (map by The Canadian Encyclopedia) Geology Large areas of Saskatchewan once formed the bottom of a sea that disappeared millions of years ago. With the westward expansion of the fur trade spearheaded by the North West Company (NWC) and followed by the HBC, the river became an important transportation route for fur trade brigades' York boats, to which it was especially well suited as it follows an eastern trend toward Hudson Bay, the entry point for the HBC into Canada. In the arable sections of the province the last spring frost usually comes in early June. In another sense the number of frost-free days is a misleading indicator of the growing season, as the provinces northern location also produces early sunrises and late sunsets in the summertime. The northern agricultural From Lake Winnipeg, its last major stop, the waters that started in Saskatchewan eventually drain from there into Hudson Bay, by way of the Nelson River. Kelsey paddled the upper South Saskatchewan, then travelled overland within the basin. Location and border. [8], The section of the North Saskatchewan river that falls within the Banff National Park boundaries was designated a Canadian heritage river in 1989, due to its importance in the development of western Canada. The waters of Lake Winnipeg eventually drain into Hudson Bay, via the Nelson River. 2. These two regions are the Interior Plains and the Canadian Shield. For example, Both agriculture and industrial development (particularly the production of potash) require large amounts of water. Besides fishes, many birds are also found in the Saskatchewan River. At their largest these lakes covered most of the province. During the fur trade era, birch bark canoes and York boats travelled up and down the Saskatchewan delivering trade goods and amassing furs for transportation to Europe. Most of these species are fished along the river for food or sport. All donations above $3 will receive a tax receipt. South of the Canadian Shield is the It then flows northeast, passing through a region of marshes, where it is joined from the northwest by the Torch River and the Mossy River. Wildlife supports recreational and commercial fishing, trapping and hunting. With the establishment of permanent communities along the river's course, and the rise of an administrative/government structure, records exist recording floods in the North Saskatchewan for the past century. [citation needed], Along with many other rivers in central and southern Alberta during late June, the North Saskatchewan saw significantly higher water levels and flow rates. The North Saskatchewan River is a glacier-fed river that flows from the Canadian Rockies continental divide east to central Saskatchewan, where it joins with the South Saskatchewan River to make up the Saskatchewan River. The broad river systems provide one type of erosion, and the winds, so well-known that they are a familiar element in prairie literature, create another. The most common varieties are walleye, yellow perch, northern pike, sauger, lake whitefish, goldeye, rainbow trout, brown trout, white sucker, burbot, longnose sucker, shorthead redhorse, lake sturgeon and mooneye. Funding for the plan came from a British syndicate; design and construction were to be carried out by the Edmonton Hydro-Electric Power Scheme. From the headwaters of the Bow River, the South Saskatchewan flows for 1,392 kilometres (865mi). Saskatoon is a city in Saskatchewan, Canada, on the South Saskatchewan River. Total enrollment: 725. -Settlers were encouraged to come and homestead. "South Saskatchewan River. The final section of the river, from Prince Albert to the Saskatchewan River Forks, has many rapids. July temperatures well below. In geological terms much of the modern landscape is relatively young, having been shaped during the Quaternary period (within the last 2.58 million years). In, Ward, Norman. James G. MacGregor, Blankets and Beads: A History of the Saskatchewan River (1949). Even during the cold months, the riverbank . water is in the north, where agricultural settlement is minimal. [9], The river demarcates the prairieparkland divide for much of its course and acted as a natural boundary between plains Blackfoot and woodland Cree for thousands of years. 6. [16], The South Saskatchewan River (Empress to Lancer Ferry) (SK 046) IBA (505609N 1095206W / 50.9359N 109.8682W / 50.9359; -109.8682) is in Saskatchewan and follows the course of the South Saskatchewan River from the Alberta / Saskatchewan border east to the Lancer Ferry crossing and includes the river's valley and the fork with the Red Deer River. Municipal wastewater can contain contaminants, including those from pharmaceutical and personal care products, as well as endocrine-disrupting compounds. 4. Mean flow is 280 m3/s, but varies throughout the year, largely controlled by several dams and reservoirs along the river system. Mammals in the basin include black bear, elk, moose, mule deer, white-tailed deer, bison, beaver, muskrat, porcupine and a number of smaller mammals, and birds include several species of hawk, grouse, goose and owl, plus trumpeter swan, osprey and American white pelican. The name Saskatchewan has been derived from a Cree word which means "swift flowing river". Canadians should have access to free, impartial, fact-checked, regularly updated information Haag, J.J., White, J.S., and Logan, M. 2010. The fourth section, from the Vermilion River to Prince Albert is principally prairie with a few small stretches of timber and secondary forest cover. The Saskatchewan River is one of the great rivers of North America. In dry years losses from fire are high, not only in the immediate destruction of potential pulp and lumber, but in the Campbell Dam. Raft, Canoe or Kayak on the River. Similarly, from south to north, levels of 600 and 900 m above sea level (common in the southwest) slope to 150 and 300 m in the northeast. Saskatchewan is known as one of the worlds great wheat producers. Fredericton, the Capital of New Brunswick, Key Facts About Victoria, the Capital of British Columbia, Canada, Key Facts About Edmonton, the Capital of Alberta, Abbreviations for Provinces and Territories in Canada, B.A., Political Science, Carleton University. The South Saskatchewan River basin includes the traditional territory of the Assiniboine, Cree and Ojibwa near the rivers confluence with the North Saskatchewan, the Blackfoot Confederacy to the west, and the Mtis throughout. Wetlands are particularly important, as they provide habitats for migratory waterfowl and fish, naturally filter sediments and contaminants, and mitigate the effects of flooding. It's a major tributary to the Nelson River, ultimately draining into Hudson Bay. [28] The plan was later shelved in light of economic and environmental concerns. 10 Facts About North Saskatchewan River 1. It is also Canada's most populous province as it is home to the nation's capital, Ottawa, and the world-class city of Toronto. On its journey from the Rockies, the river goes across three provinces, and covers 1,205 miles (1,939 kilometres) from its furthest point. Much of the native prairie grasslands in the basin have been converted and wetlands drained for agricultural use. mountain ranges that eroded over time into the plains of today. [12] Since its founding, the city of Saskatoon has dealt with a number of slope failures. Water quality of the Saskatchewan River is largely a function of the upstream tributaries the North and South Saskatchewan rivers both of which flow through urban centres and highly productive agricultural areas, picking up contaminants such as fertilizers, pesticides and municipal wastewater. [9][10] Illegal introductions of non native species can have serious wide-ranging negative impacts on the ecosystem. Once Canada began to be settled by Europeans, the river was an important fur-trade route. Prepared for: Western Irrigation District by Aquality Environmental Consulting Ltd., Edmonton, February 2010. Declining water quantity may result in inadequate in-stream flow requirements to sustain aquatic species, including fish and benthic invertebrates. Now of little navigational value, it is widely used for hydroelectric power and irrigation. Saskatchewan River is home to a variety of different fish species. In the minds of many Canadians, Ontario is separated into two regions: north and south. Labrador. Additionally, there are three hydroelectric dams on the Saskatchewan River, two at Tobin Lake in eastern Saskatchewan, the Nipawin Hydroelectric Station and the E.B. Here, in the swampy climate, the Saskatchewan River is fed by both the Mossy River and the Torch river. Mountains, with little vegetation, experience fast-melting snow cover. While the lyrics imply that the Saskatchewan flows through Moose Jaw, Saskatoon and Regina, Saskatchewan,[15] only Saskatoon, on the South Saskatchewan River, sees the waters of this river system; the closest point to both Moose Jaw and Regina are Lake Diefenbaker, a bifurcation lake on the South Saskatchewan, roughly 100 kilometres (62mi) and 140 kilometres (87mi) to their west-northwest, respectively. The Assiniboine and Cree were instrumental in early European exploration and the fur trade. The Canadian Shield is characterized by rugged rock exposures and many lakes. However, based on high water marks and 1D modelling, the actual value may have been closer to 6,300 cubic metres per second (220,000cuft/s). Saskatchewan's official fruit is the Saskatoon Berry. Much of the most accessible surface [25] The city remained in debt from financing the project until 1960, and the site still attracts tourists today. A band of subarctic forest tundra exists along the northern boundary. This article was most recently revised and updated by, https://www.britannica.com/place/Saskatchewan-River, Canadian Geographic Education - Saskatchewan River, Canada, The Canadian Encyclopedia - Saskatchewan River, Saskatchewan River - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up). "Geography of Saskatchewan. The reservoir would have affected municipal water works in the City of Fort Saskatchewan, was likely to inundate part of the Saddle Lake Indian reserve, and would have flooded a number of oil and natural gas fields in the area. View history Tools The North Saskatchewan River is a glacier -fed river that flows from the Canadian Rockies continental divide east to central Saskatchewan, where it joins with the South Saskatchewan River to make up the Saskatchewan River. [3], A 2009 report,[5] produced by WWF-Canada which analysed the river flow on ten major Canadian rivers reported that the South Saskatchewan River was the most at risk. On 21 December sunrise is after 9 a.m. and sunset at 5 p.m. Blizzards in winter and thunderstorms in summer are common. The river begins at the confluence of the Bow and Oldman Rivers in southern Alberta and ends at the Saskatchewan River Forks in central Saskatchewan. Because the river is so prominent throughout the province, the land itself has adopted the same name. been shaped during the Quaternary period (within the last 2.58 million years). In general, the North Saskatchewan was favoured over the South Saskatchewan for travel and trade. Principal river statistics Navigating the rapids on the Sturgeon-Weir River La Loche River The South Saskatchewan River is home to warm-water fish species such as northern pike, walleye, goldeye, yellow perch, quillback, shorthead redhorse and the endangered lake sturgeon, while cold-water species such as several species of trout, mountain whitefish and longnose sucker inhabit upstream mountain tributaries. [20] This is significantly higher than the Bow River's peak height at 4.1 metres (13ft) and peak discharge of 1,750 cubic metres per second (62,000cuft/s) on June 21, that caused widespread flooding in Calgary. [citation needed], The first bridge across the river opened in 1900, the Low Level Bridge (Edmonton). (Show more) Related Places: United States Canada Minnesota North Dakota See all related content Things To Do in Saskatchewan In the grain belt, for example, on 21 June the sun rises before 5 a.m. and sets after 9:30 p.m. For the same reason winter days are short. FactSnippet No. From being a major water highway for fur trade and indigenous people, to providing hydro power to both the Canadian provinces of Manitoba and Saskatchewan, the river continues to play and important role in the lives of central Canada. We also produce the Heritage Minutes and other programs. Water withdrawals in the South Saskatchewan River basin are the highest of any river basin in Canada, and since 2006 the basin has been closed to new water licenses in Alberta. FactSnippet No. The Red Deer River is a river in Alberta and a small portion of Saskatchewan, Canada. The extreme southwest the province shares the Cypress Hills with 3. Saskatchewan River, largest river system of the provinces of Alberta and Saskatchewan, Canada, rising in the Canadian Rockies of western Alberta in two great headstreams, the North and South Saskatchewan rivers (800 miles [1,287 km] and 865 miles [1,392 km] long, respectively); these cross the Saskatchewan provincial boundary 200 miles (320 km) . The Saskatchewan River is one of the longest rivers in Canada, and measures approximately 550 kilometers in length. By the 1980s many permanent sandbars had formed due to the lowering of the level of the river. The yearly discharge at the AlbertaSaskatchewan border is more than 7 cubic kilometres (1.7cumi).[3]. In 169092, Henry Kelsey became the first European to reach the South Saskatchewan River, aided by First Nations guides. In the mid-19th century Metis settlements became important along stretches of the Saskatchewan river system, notably at the Southbranch Settlement, Prince Albert, Saskatchewan, and St. Albert, Alberta. Including its tributaries, it reaches 1,939 kilometres (1,205mi) to its farthest headwaters on the Bow River, a tributary of the South Saskatchewan in Alberta.[4]. South Saskatchewan River BasinLearn more about the rivers basin from this government of Alberta website. Downstream of Saskatoon, as the prairie transitions to boreal forest, the vegetation shifts to willow, aspen and shrubs. The Saskatchewan River, and its two main tributaries, are featured in The Arrogant Worms' song "The Last Saskatchewan Pirate". First Nations inhabiting the area of the rivers included at one time or another the Atsina, Cree, Saulteaux, Blackfoot Confederacy, Assiniboine, and Sioux. organization devoted to teaching Canadians more about our shared country. The Saskatchewan River is one of the longest rivers in Canada, and measures approximately 550 kilometers in length. Retrieved from https://www.thoughtco.com/saskatchewan-facts-508585. Construction began in the 1910s and was later abandoned. [19] Thousands of Edmonton residents watched the flood destroy lumber mills along the city's river valley. The Saskatchewan River (Cree: kisiskciwani-spiy, "swift flowing river") is a major river in Canada. is a continuing problem in the province. The North Saskatchewan River valley parks system; the largest expanses of urban parkland in Canada. In addition to this the Hudson's Bay Company and North West Company both ran numerous fur posts up the river and its two branches throughout the late 18th to late 19th centuries. Flowing through the Edmonton region is a large streak of blue, the North Saskatchewan River. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. There is little prairie and much tree cover in this section.[6]. The river forms in central Saskatchewan, a province roughly in the middle of Canada, where the North Saskatchewan and South Saskatchewan Rivers converge. It was founded in 1883 as the proposed capital of a temperance colony, and its name was derived from Mis-sask-quah-toomina, a Cree word for a local edible red berry. In addition, these activities are an important part of the way of The first known European to enter North Saskatchewan was Henry Kelsey in 1690, who travelled up the Saskatchewan River in hopes of trading fur with the region's indigenous peoples.

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