factors affecting successful aging

Each author declares that he or she has no commercial associations (e.g. Strandberg AY, Strandberg TE, Stenholm S, Salomaa VV, Pitkl KH, Tilvis RS. C) living meaningfully no matter what their physical state. New York, NY: Basic Books. Geriatr Psychol Neuropsychiatr Vieil. Descriptive statistics were used to show the respondents sociodemographic characteristics. Table S1: RECORD Checklist. Medicare can help the elderly bear some of the treatment costs during the treatment process, which has positive significance in improving medication compliance and the prognosis of the disease. We also innovatively found that the frequency of contact with children at the mesosystem level and medical insurance at the macrosystem level play an important role in the realization of successful aging. Adams also asked the women about their friendships with men (Adams, 1985). Fernndez-Ballesteros R, Garca LF, Abarca D, et al. Social and emotional patterns in adulthood: Support for socioemotional selectivity theory. The relationship of these terms, and the dimensions of successful ageing are presented in the Figure 1. Identification of the oldest old with a very good and very poor quality of life. In the mesosystem, successful aging is more likely to be achieved in empty-nesters with children who they meet once in less than or equal to 3 months (OR 1.627, 95% CI 1.0012.644) than with children who they meet once in more than 3 months. Journal of Aging Studies, 21(1), 2330. According to the research needs, a total of 3,074 empty-nesters were included after excluding the data with missing values in demographic data and successful aging data (Figure 1). D) having good genes., Normal aging changes: A) begin in late-middle age and suddenly Hu N., Shi T., Xu L., Pan G., Hu Z. This finding led Adams (1986) to conclude that one should not underestimate how important friends are to older people, particularly to the elderly without family. It has been noted [39] that for older adults, good social functioning appears to be more conducive to promoting life satisfaction than physical functioning, which fits with socioemotional selectivity theory [40], which suggests that as they age, older adults become progressively less mobile and prone to dysphoria, and as they become increasingly aware of the limited time they have left, they seek meaningful intimate relationships. WebFactors Affecting Age: Aging is defined as the deteriorating alterations in the normal structural, morphological, and, functional aspects of the body which an individual experiences with advancing time. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript. Young Y, Frick KD, Phelan EA. Successful Aging in East Asia: Comparison Among China, Korea, and Japan. Parenting is one of the most complex and challenging jobs you'll face in your lifetime -- but also the most rewarding. According to the study of Kim and Park (12), older adults can age successfully, if they are socially active and psychologically well adapted, even though they encounter decline of physical and cognitive function. official website and that any information you provide is encrypted Fernndez-Ballesteros R, Robine JM, Walker A, Kalache A. WebResearch on the aging brain provides clues to the risks and protective factors for mental disorders across the life span. Want to create or adapt books like this? However, there are some limitations to this study. Relative to those with illiterate education, empty-nesters at middle school and above (OR 10.123, 95% CI 4.73221.658) had significantly greater odds of aging successfully. After a while, the bodys stem cells fail and the aging process begins. (2009). In this study, successful aging was evaluated as a dependent variable. Arai H, Ouchi Y, Toba K, Endo T, Shimokado K, Tsubota K, Matsuo S, Mori H, Yumura W, Yokode M, Rakugi H, Ohshima S. Geriatr Gerontol Int. It points to the need for programs and other activities to make it easier for the elderly to develop and maintain friendships with both sexes to improve their ability to meet both their practical and emotional needs. ; data curation, H.C.; methodology, H.C. and J.Z. WebAging is associated with changes in dynamic biological, physiological, environmental, psychological, behavioral, and social processes. WebThe average age of farmers within the United States is 54.3 years and the proportion of farmers age 55 and over has risen from 37% in 1954 to 61% in 1997. The theory specifies how psychological factors such as emotions can affect aging. and transmitted securely. Palmore E. Predictors of successful aging. It is less clear whether SES is a factor in aging processes independently of the development of diagnosed illnesses. From choosing baby's name to helping a teenager choose a Successful aging was used as the dependent variable, and variables that were significant for the univariate analysis were included in the multivariate logistic regression analysis. Depp CA, Jeste DV. (2011). Several studies have shown that sociodemographic characteristics [19,20,21] (e.g., gender, age, marital status, education, and employment status, etc. Social gerontology: A multidisciplinary perspective (9th ed.). Her respondents interpreted any friendship with a man as a courting or romantic friendship, which they thought would be viewed negatively by their children and by their peers. The indicators of mobility performance and physical function can include both objective and subjective measures, for example ability to perform ADL and physical performance tests (30, 31). sharing sensitive information, make sure youre on a federal The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry. Human aging: usual and successful. official website and that any information you provide is encrypted sharing sensitive information, make sure youre on a federal Jopp DS, Wozniak D, Damarin AK, De Feo M, Jung S, Jeswani S. How could lay perspectives on successful aging complement scientific theory? 8600 Rockville Pike 2020 Sep 8;2:15. doi: 10.3389/fdgth.2020.00015. Stress, social support, and the buffering hypothesis. Recent study showed that a good SRH and low levels of cardiovascular risk factors in midlife are associated with active and healthy ageing (23). (2008). Psychotherapy for elderly people. HHS Vulnerability Disclosure, Help The former goal is to identify the main factors affecting the lay views about successful aging. Cross-validation of a short form of the CES-D in Chinese elderly. This also reflects the social-ecological theory [24] that individual behavior is affected by the social environment and its interaction with it, as well as the interaction and interaction among several systems (microsystem, mesosystem, and macrosystem) that are interconnected between individual development and surrounding environment [26]. (2008, October 13). Definitions and predictors of successful aging: A comprehensive review of larger quantitative studies. Mobility predicts change in older adults health-related quality of life: evidence from a Vancouver falls prevention prospective cohort study. Previous studies have even shown that the likelihood of successful aging decreases to 0.64 times for every 5 years of age increase [31]. 22.2 Public Sociology and Improving Society. McLeroy K.R., Bibeau D., Steckler A., Glanz K. An ecological perspective on health promotion programs. Therefore, the relevant departments must increase the publicity of medical insurance, improve the recognition of medical insurance among the elderly, increase the medical reimbursement ratio, simplify the reimbursement process, balance the allocation of urban and rural medical and health resources, and focus on vulnerable elderly groups such as empty-nesters, so that the elderly can have access to medical care and thus achieve successful aging. In addition, life satisfaction was positively associated with successful aging. All in all, then, most older people do not fit the doddering image myth and can still live a satisfying and productive life. Andersen-Ranberg K, Schroll M, Jeune B. Sabia S, Singh-Manoux A, Hagger-Johnson G, Cambois EJ, Kivimki M. Influence of individual and combined healthy behaviours on successful aging. Lin YH, Chen YC, Tseng YC, Tsai ST, Tseng YH. This paper defines successful aging according to the most cited Rowe & Kahn theoretical model [9], which mainly includes the following five points: (1) No main diseases; (2) No disability; (3) High cognitive function; (4) No depression; (5) Active engagement with life. The latest census data released in 2021 show that Chinas population aged 60 and above is 264 million. Satisfaction, Usability, and Compliance With the Use of Smartwatches for Ecological Momentary Assessment of Knee Osteoarthritis Symptoms in Older Adults: Usability Study. Correlation between loneliness and social relationship among empty nest elderly in Anhui rural area, China. Physical activity and successful aging among middle-aged and older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies. Meanwhile, despite some improvement, the elderly are often portrayed in stereotypical ways on television and in movies (Lee, Carpenter, & Meyers, 2007). Epub 2020 Apr 29. Careers, Unable to load your collection due to an error. The combined psychological and physical characteristics of high resilience have the potential to ultimately impact the process of successful aging. National Library of Medicine But some issues affect the aging process and make it faster or slower. Not only do people age at different rates biologically, their environment can also be helpful or damaging to ageing successfully. Evaluation of successful aging among older people in China: Results from China health and retirement longitudinal study. Contemp Nurse 41:7887. Some age-related changes are benign, As a library, NLM provides access to scientific literature. Unable to load your collection due to an error, Unable to load your delegates due to an error. Wu Z.Q., Sun L., Sun Y.H., Zhang X.J., Tao F.B., Cui G.H. Andresen E.M., Malmgren J.A., Carter W.B., Patrick D.L. However, this study is an important exploration of the successful aging of empty-nesters and provides a certain theoretical basis for the corresponding policy formulation. The theory specifies how psychological factors such as emotions can affect aging. Nakagawa T., Cho J., Yeung D.Y. In recent years, the concept of successful ageing has induced much debate (1-3), and various definitions of the concept have been introduced in various studies (4). This again reflects the idea that literacy and economic income have an impact on the successful aging of empty-nesters. Multiple logistic regression for successful aging. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson. WebIt strives for perfection, judging actions and producing positive feelings of pride or negative feelings of guilt. Methods: The data came from the follow-up survey (2018) of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study and 3074 empty-nesters aged 60 and over are included. In order to save money and reduce the financial burden on their children, empty-nesters may take the initiative to stop taking a certain medication without the supervision of their children, reduce the frequency or dose of medication, or replace it with a more economical medication. Lay concept of aging well: Cross-cultural comparions. The results show that the level of successful aging of Chinese empty-nesters is low and the correlation factors are age, culture, income, self-rated health, life satisfaction, and hearing at the microsystem level of the social-ecological system. This study was supported by Helsinki University Hospital VTR (EVO)funding and Academy of Finland (311492). Empty-nesters with financial income (OR 1.848, 95% CI 1.2102.822) were more likely to age successfully compared to those without financial income. The percentages of no disease, high cognition functioning, no depression, active engagement with life, and no functional disability were 43.3%, 50.5%, 49.9%, 49.4%, and 68.6%, respectively. FOIA Aging (Albany NY). It has been emphasized that the importance of gerontechnology on the successful aging, creation of awareness through formal and non-formal education, qualitative and quantitative researches should be increased. is the product of its _____ and the environment. Titled The rising burden of non-communicable diseases in the Americas and the impact of population aging: a secondary analysis of available data, the study analyzes the importance of population growth and aging also providing a supplementary summary briefing for each country analyzed. Background: This study aims to identify the status of successful aging and the factors influencing empty-nest elderly in China based on the social-ecological system theory. Cambridge University Press; 2019. WHO. Pinto MR, De Medici S, Van Sant C, Bianchi A, Zlotnicki A, Napoli C. Appl Ergon. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. An official website of the United States government. No main diseases: Participants were classified as having No main disease if they did not report they had been diagnosed with any of the following major diseases (cancer, chronic lung disease, diabetes, heart disease, and stroke) by doctors. Aging involves phenotypic and functional changes as well as molecular and cellular processes ().These include declining cognition and sensory function, reduced physical capability, changes in physiological and biological function, WebReviewing various studies, we found that the definition of successful aging deals with cognitive action, perception, control, life satisfaction, and ethics. However, recent studies have suggested that absence of disease and disability is not the most important element in the concept of successful ageing, and people with chronic disease can also age successfully (15, 25, 26). Along with new physical, social, and emotional challenges, increasing age brings Sociology by University of Minnesota is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License, except where otherwise noted. Bethesda, MD 20894, Web Policies The database is available through the official website (http://charls.pku.edu.cn/, accessed on 23 April 2022). Lucyk K., McLaren L. Taking stock of the social determinants of health: A scoping review. Aging refers to the chronological, biological, psychological, social and spiritual aspects of life over time. As people worship in a congregation, they interact with other congregants and, as just noted, enhance their social support networks. Currently, the Rowe and Kahn model [9] is widely used, which defines successful aging as the absence of disease and disability, good physical and cognitive functioning, and active social participation. ), income [21], relevant physical health conditions [18,20], and family and social factors [8] are important influence factors of successful aging. 3.3. B) acting as they did when they were young. Disclaimer. Successful aging is Kok AA, Aartsen MJ, Deeg DJ, Huisman M. Capturing the diversity of successful aging: An Operational definition based on 16-year trajectories of functioning. New York: Cambridge University Press; 1990. pp. Whitley E., Benzeval M., Popham F. Associations of Successful Aging With Socioeconomic Position Across the Life-Course: The West of Scotland Twenty-07 Prospective Cohort Study. Chapter18 HDEV. Article Google Scholar Thanakwang K, The multivariate logistic regression analysis in Table 3 controlling for microsystem, mesosystem, and macrosystem related factors shows the influencing factors of successful aging. We exploratively found that in addition to the microsystem level in the social-ecological system theory mentioned above, the frequency of contact with children in the mesosystem is also an important influencing factor for the successful aging of empty-nesters. Accessibility Liu L., Zhang T., Li S., Pan G., Yan L., Sun W. Successful Aging Among Community-Dwelling Older Adults in Urban Areas of Liaoning Province: The Crucial Effect of Visual Ability. WebSocietal aging can affect economic growth, patterns of work and retirement, the way that families function, the ability of governments and communities to provide adequate resources for older adults, and the prevalence of chronic disease and disability. Older adults with good life satisfaction (OR 3.157, 95% CI 1.2278.125) were more likely to achieve successful aging compared to older adults with poor life satisfaction. 622. Kim and Park ( 12) conducted a meta-analysis of the correlates of successful ageing and they identified that four domains describing successful ageing were; Kim and Park (12) conducted a meta-analysis of the correlates of successful ageing and they identified that four domains describing successful ageing were; avoiding disease and disability, having high cognitive, mental and physical function, being actively engage in life, and being psychologically well adapted in later life. In China, the family is the basic unit of individual life, as pointed out in the social convey model [42], the closest social partners of the elderly mainly come from their primary family members (spouses and children), when they live with their spouses or children, they can not only provide the elderly with the emotional support they need, but also take care of them in their daily life, which plays a pivotal role in maintaining the psycho-physical health of the elderly. The PubMed wordmark and PubMed logo are registered trademarks of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). A multidimensional concept of successful aging. Friendships and Successful Aging. Anal (18-36 months): pleasure focused on bowel and bladder elimination; coping with demands for control. These three dimensions provide the foundation for successful aging (SA). The MacArthur Study of Aging (Rowe & Kahn, 1997) identifies three presumably interactive components of successful aging, including: a) the absence of disability and disease and the lack of risk factors predisposing one toward these; b) the maintenance of physical and cognitive function that promotes well-being; and c) A second step for successful aging suggested by scholarly research is religious involvement (Barkan & Greenwood, 2003; Moberg, 2008). The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the Common conditions in older age include hearing loss, cataracts and refractive errors, back and neck pain and osteoarthritis, chronic obstructive Increasingly, factors related to the quality of the life are of theoretical and practical interest. Evans, R. J. For instance, Bowling and Iliffe argue that the discussion on successful aging can refer to the biomedical, broader biomedical, social and psychological factors, thus making it possible to create a multi-dimensional model.This complication requires The purpose of this study is to identify the psychosocial factors influencing healthy aging and examining their socio-demographic characteristics. The SOC model consists both objective and subjective criteria and reflects peoples capacity to make choices that suit best to individual resources. Compared with 2010, the population aged 60 years in China has increased by 5.44 percentage points [3]. Note: CI = confidence interval; OR = odds ratio; SE = standard error. A Scoping Review. Adams also found that secondary friendshipsthose involving friends that a woman spent time with but with whom she was not especially closewere more likely than primary friendships (very close friendships) to contribute to her interviewees psychological well-being, as these friendships enabled the women to meet new people, to become involved in new activities, and thus to be engaged with the larger society. SPSS 25 was used for data analysis. Longitudinal studies have shown that midlife is a critical period for the beginning of the pathology of cognitive disorders, although indicators of the disease process remain still poorly understood (29). Active engagement with life: Respondents were defined as being actively engaged if they reported participation in voluntary or charity work, having provided help to family, friends or neighbors, or having gone to a sport, social or other kind of club in the month preceding the interview. Careers, Unable to load your collection due to an error. The examined social factors related to successful ageing can be classified into four categories: Social engagement/participation, Social support, Social government site. Learn more about how Pressbooks supports open publishing practices. 134. Social determinants of health. Empty-nesters with good self-rated health (OR 6.348, 95% CI 3.56911.294) had significantly greater odds of successful aging compared to older adults with poor self-rated health. Background: This study aims to identify the status of successful aging and the factors influencing empty-nest elderly in China based on the social-ecological system theory. Moreover, as they practice their religious faith, they reduce their stress and can cope better with personal troubles. Chi-squared tests and logistic regressions were used to identify factors associated with successful aging. Jang H.Y. Life at age 100 is surprisingly healthy, The New York Times, p. D7. However, a standard definition of successful ageing remains unclear and various operational definitions of concept have been used in various studies. Depp and Jeste (11) found that 13 of 29 operational definitions of successful ageing consisted indicators of cognitive functioning, and eight of those used a clinical assessment tool as an indicator. In summary, the successful aging rate of empty-nesters is low. doi:10.1080/08952840903054898. Teater B., Chonody J.M. Geriatrics (Basel). Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Sarcopenia: revised European consensus on definition and diagnosis. +358 50 316, 8049 E-mail: Received 2019 Apr 10; Accepted 2019 May 14. In this article, we present and explain a bio-psycho-social model of successful aging with subjective well-being as a criterion of a successful aging process. FoundryParkInn Mens Facial CC BY-NC-ND 2.0. 2000 Jun;31(3):317-22. doi: 10.1016/s0003-6870(99)00058-7. Defining successful aging: A tangible or elusive concept? The .gov means its official. These changes reinforce the negative view of the elderly, but this view nonetheless reflects stereotypes and myths about aging and the elderly. The element of no chronic disease had the lowest percentage of empty-nesters among the five elements, and this result was consistent with previous studies [19]. Second, empty-nesters who rated themselves in good health have lower rates of morbidity and better mental and physical health than empty-nesters who rated themselves in poor health, and therefore more likely to achieve successful aging, this result is consistent with previous studies [8]. At the population level, definition includes determinants of health and participation for the purpose of promoting policies, whereas at the individual level it is defined by outcomes of health, physical, and cognitive function, and life involvement (7). In this article, the gerontological factors affecting the successful aging of the elderly have been uncovered, the quality of life and successful aging issues have been related to gerontology and investigated on a different dimension. Clipboard, Search History, and several other advanced features are temporarily unavailable. Microsystems mainly refer to individual systems in the social environment, such as some physical and psychological characteristics of individuals. Multiple logistic regression analysis was applied to estimate the odds ratio (OR) for successful aging based on predictor variables. Younger empty-nesters have higher levels of successful aging, which is consistent with the results of previous studies [8,19,20]. The Gerontologist, 25, 605611. Nosraty L, Jylh M, Raittila T, Lumme-Sandt K. Perceptions by the oldest old of successful aging, Vitality 90+ Study. Describe any four biological changes associated with aging. Baltes PB. eCollection 2020. The studies that did not research participants with MS also found independence to affect the physical domain as well as the social and mental/cognitive well-being domains.

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