in longwall mining quizlet

Psych Exam 1. It can also reliably and effectively support coal mine roof, isolate mined-out areas, prevent waste rock into the working face. J. Academic Journal of Computing & Information Science. Since the last plow longwall mine was closed in 2018, the chapter on plow longwalling has been dropped and in its place Automation of Longwall Components and System is added. longwall synonyms, longwall pronunciation, longwall translation, English dictionary definition of longwall. Safety helmet is a kind of safety equipment that coal miners must wear at all times during their work. The longwall panel (the block of coal that is being mined) is typically 3 - 4 km long and 250 - 400 m wide. The method used depends on the geology of the coal deposit. Longwall definition, noting or pertaining to a means of extracting coal or other minerals in an underground mine from a continuous face, the roof before the face being supported at intervals by temporary or movable artificial supports. However, in the process of operation, the traction cable would be broken or be removed from the cable slot due to the stacking of cable clamps, and the cable may be torn off, resulting in underground electric leakage, which may eventually lead to electric shock, gas, coal dust explosion, fire and other major coal mine safety accidents. In accordance with the coal mining process of the fully mechanized coal face, once the hydraulic support plate is not in place or not fully recovered during the working process, it may cause the movement interference between hydraulic support and shearer. We are especially grateful to all those who participated in the dataset construction and label annotation process, including instructors, seniors, and other participants. All the above abnormal video images need to be manually or automatically eliminated in the process of image dataset production. PubMed Central When coal has been extracted from the area, the roof is allowed to . (numbers of a magnitude of several hundred items, with many components weighing In order to judge whether there is movement interference between the shearers operation and the guard plate, the images are labeled according to the unfolding angle of the hydraulic support guard plate in this work, so as to obtain the support state information of the hydraulic support of the fully mechanized mining face. The DsLMF+ dataset collected in this work mainly includes the mine personnel, large coal and hydraulic support guard plate, towline, mine safety helmet and miners behaviors, on account of that some images in original datasets might be with no target, incomplete target, and poor image quality that makes it difficult to identify the target, hence those images where might exist some abnormal data should be all removed. . Sign up for the Nature Briefing newsletter what matters in science, free to your inbox daily. (usually there is a drive unit at both ends of the face). Vision Transformer Adapter for Dense Predictions. J. Computational Visual Media. However, the underground coal excavation of fully mechanized longwall mining face exists many problems, such as poor operating environment, high disaster risk, high accident rate and so on. Thank you for visiting nature.com. 2 Claridge Court, Lower Kings Road 239 (2022). Resource recovery is Towline is used in fully mechanized mining face to ensure the power supply and stable operation of shearer. Copyright 2023 Komatsu. Finally, the filtered original image datasets were annotated using LabelImg software and named the label, and here we provide an official open source download link (https://github.com/heartexlabs/labelImg) for the Labelimg software. Longwall mining systems are capable of producing significant outputs from a single longwall face - 8 million tones per annum or more. across the face and for some degree of roof to floor closure. to the number of continuous miner units which would be required to produce the 5, 6872 (2022). The construction process of the image dataset of underground longwall mining face (DsLMF+) is shown in Fig. correctly the coal is mined in a systematic, relatively continuous and Xuhui Zhang. Article factor. In hydraulic_support_guard_plate_90_120 state, the unfolding angle of the guard plate is too large, which resulting in the gap between the guard plate and the coal wall is too large, and the support strength is not enough. The roadways which form the sides of the Methane released from the coal seam and surrounding rock strata during mining can present a high risk of explosion at concentrations in air of 5-15%. The coal 'face' can vary in length from 100-350m. Sensors. The intelligence mining has become one of the important ways to address the high-risk underground work, and achieve the goal of safe and efficient underground production2. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Narrow vein stopping; Mogalakwena mine, Longwall mining, Goldex Mine; Val-d'Or; block caving, long hole stoping and shrinkage and more. 120 (2022). Figure4 shows the graphs of the three models performance during validation, the mAP value curves of each target detection network model. Journal of Big Data. new roadway forming the longwall face. Kiruthika, D. S. & Subalalitha, C. N. Intelligent deep learning empowered text detection model from natural scene images. Considering that the downhole datasets are still blank at present, this work constructs image dataset DsLMF+ for intelligent recognition of abnormal condition in underground longwall mining face, which mainly consists of the hydraulic support guard plate, large coal, towline, mine safety helmet, coal miners and miners behaviour in the fully mechanized face. The mAP values of YOLOv7 detection model can respectively reach 0.986, 0.976, 0.978, 0.868, 0.913 and 0.997, the mAP values of DETA detection model can respectively reach 0.976, 0.960, 0.958, 0.815, 0.914 and 0.989, and the mAP values of ViT-Adapter-L detection model can respectively reach 0.966, 0.961, 0.963, 0.854, 0.928 and 0.989. very high - in theory 100% of the block of coal being extracted, though in In the method of secondary extraction known as 4.9, 5.7, and 6.7 ft. (1.5, 1.7, 2.0 m or more), Go to the Komatsu corporate website or a Komatsu website in your local region. Major developments are automation, and health and safety technology, as well as equipment reliability, thereby greatly increasing productivity and cutting cost. Longwall mining is an efficient mining method and using the right equipment can make it even more profitable. Enable real-time decision-making and keep more workers out of harm's way with remotely managed automated longwall equipment. Also, a new chapter Longwall Top Coal Caving Mining (LTCC) is added due to its successful application in Australia since 2005. Bauer, Z. et al. Ming, X. et al. Nguyen, H. Q. et al. International Mining gate roads have to be driven to high standards or problems will arise; good Xia, G.S. The validation of the DsLMF+ datasets by using of the models ViT-Adapter-L, DETA and YOLOv7. Probabilistic atlas for the language network based on precision fMRI data from >800 individuals. the best experience, we recommend you use a more up to date browser (or turn off compatibility mode in 13, 307 (2021). 94, 104630 (2022). This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.52104166) and Shaanxi Coal Joint Founds (No.2021JLM-03). volume10, Articlenumber:416 (2023) Acid mine drainage (AMD) is metal-rich water formed from the chemical reaction between water and rocks containing sulphur-bearing minerals. to divest the longwall product line. CAS Coal will remain the dominant energy source worldwide for decades to come1. J. scientific data. The camera can complete the image acquisition with a maximum resolution of 5 megapixels, the frame rate is 1~30FPS, and the used video formats are Flash video (FLV) and MPEG-4. Implementation of Deep Learning Algorithm on a Custom Dataset for Advanced Driver Assistance Systems Applications. Joy longwall systems incorporate shearers, roof supports, face conveyors and more into one system that can be tightly orchestrated by advanced electronics including cutting-edge automation. The SUSTech-SYSU dataset for automated exudate detection and diabetic retinopathy grading. et al. 172 terms. For the fully mechanized longwall mining face, large sized coal is easy to cause scraper conveyor blockage, retention and other abnormal state. A machine called a shearer moves back and forth along the seam. 42 terms. operations. Currently, datasets are widely used in automatic driving, object detection, face recognition, natural language processing, text detection, medical and other fields7,8,9,10. J. Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience. Table8 presents the benchmark result of ViT-Adapter-L, DETA and YOLOv7 on the DsLMF+ datasets. International Journal on Advanced Science Engineering and Information Technology. . IM can now exclusively reveal that Caterpillar Inc is set to effectively withdraw completely from underground coal and soft rock mining through the divestment of its longwall business to Germany's Hauhinco Maschinenfabrik GmbH & Co KG, based in Sprockhvel, North Rhine-Westphalia. & Kaushal,M. Get the most important science stories of the day, free in your inbox. Electronics Letters. England HP4 2AF, UK, Tel: +44 (0) 1442 870 829 Figure2 shows the label annotations of coal miners, large coal, towline, mine safety helmet, miners behavior and supporting state of the hydraulic support guard plate. Zhang, X. et al. 6, 110 (2022). In the past 13 years since the publication of Longwall Mining, 2nd edition in 2006, although there have been no major changes in longwall mining technology and operations, many incremental developments in the whole system as well as various subsystems of the existing longwall mining operational technologies as detailed in the 2nd edition have been added to this edition. continuous mining c. It is the most important geographical factor influencing coal formation, which affects the rate of floral growth and the degree of preservation of accumulated plant materials in a peat swampa. The original underground monitoring videos of the fully mechanized coal mining face were offered by several coal mines in Shaanxi Province of China, which were then screened and classified according to the different target object. J. Procedia Computer Science. This information should not be considered complete, up to date, and is not intended to be used in place of a visit, consultation, or advice of a legal, medical, or any other professional. J. J. are capable of producing significant outputs from a single longwall face Self-advancing, hydraulically-powered supports temporarily hold up the roof while coal is extracted. Article IM can now exclusively reveal that Caterpillar Inc is set to effectively withdraw completely from underground coal and soft rock mining through the divestment of its longwall business to Germanys Hauhinco Maschinenfabrik GmbH & Co KG, based in Sprockhvel, North Rhine-Westphalia. School of Mechanical Engineering, Xian University of Science and Technology, No.58, Mid-Yanta Road, Xian, 710054, China, Wenjuan Yang,Xuhui Zhang,Bing Ma,Yanqun Wang,Yujia Wu,Jianxing Yan,Chao Zhang,Jicheng Wan,Yue Wang,Mengyao Huang,Yuyang Li&Dian Zhao, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Mine Electromechanical Equipment Intelligent Detection and Control, No.58, Yanta Road, Xian, 710054, China, MARCO automatic control system development Co.,LTD, No.20, Fenghui South Road, Xian, 710054, China, You can also search for this author in The dataset label annotations for the hydraulic support guard plate states. The codes used for training and validation of the DsLMF+ datasets in this work adopts DETA, ViT-Adapter-L and YOLOv7 official published open source scripts, and the code of the above three deep learning network for dataset verification can be accessed via the following website link (https://github.com/jozhang97/deta), (https://github.com/czczup/vit-adapter), and (https://github.com/wongkinyiu/yolov7). HFT3603 Exam 3 Notes. The authors declare no competing interests. been installed, coal can be extracted along the full length of the face in 34 (2021). Longwall Mining is a form of underground coal mining where a long wall of coal is mined in a single slice (typically 0.6 - 1.0 m thick). Scientific Data. & Krahenbuhl, P. NMS Strikes Back.J. More technology, automation and innovation are coming to room and pillar and longwall mining to meet your increasing challenges. CAS to support the newly extracted face as slices are taken, allowing the section Registered in England & Wales No. Each of these folders contains the training set image folder, verification set image folder and label folder respectively named as train2017, val2017 and annotations, which are used to store training set pictures, verification set pictures and label files. & Lu, Z. Weakly supervised classification model for zero-shot semantic segmentation. 4 most abundant elements in soil: oxygen (46%) silicon (28%) aluminum (8%) . A form of underground coal mining where a long wall panel of coal is mined in a single slice made possible by metal roof supports. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like longwall mining, longwall mining pros, longwall cons and more. Among which, In accordance with the different angle of unfolding of the hydraulic support guard plate, the supporting states of the hydraulic support guard plate are divided into eight kinds of type, which were respectively named as hydraulic_support_guard_plate_00, hydraulic_support_guard_plate_00_30, hydraulic_support_guard_plate_30_60, hydraulic_ support_guard_plate_60_90, hydraulic_support_guard_plate_90,hydraulic_support_guard_ plate_90_abnormal, hydraulic _support_guard_plate_90_120 and hydraulic_support_guard_ plate_abnormal. Google Scholar. temperatureb. The above mAP values indicate that the models have good performance, and the DsLMF+ dataset performs well under YOLOv7, DETA and ViT-Adapter-L. the power, the larger (and therefore heavier) the chain on the face conveyor J. Over 75% of the coal in the deposit can be extracted from panels of coal that can extend 3km through the coal seam. To ensure the reliability of the DsLMF+ dataset in this work, we also conducted a comprehensive manual review of all images and their corresponding label annotation. Once the longwall face equipment has 50, 12921305 (2020). In the process of labeling the guard plate, the label types cover all angles of the hydraulic support guard plate. J. IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition. Among them, the image and label files of the dataset in YOLO format are stored as follows: the folder names of each dataset in data2023_yolo are respectively coal_miner_data2023_yolo, large_coal_data2023_yolo, mine_safety_helmet_data2023_yolo, towline_data2023_yolo,miner_behavior_data2023_yolo and hydraulic_support_guard_plate _data2023_yolo. 3) When the fully mechanized mining face has stopped working, the camera still continues to collect images, resulting in a large number of repeated images in the collected video images. Longwall Mining. hydraulic jack are used to support the roof along the width of the panel. practice there is always some coal spillage or leakage off the face haulage Wide aspect ratio matching for robust face detection. Permanent supports are Apart from the direct cost involved, The area where the coal seam is extracted will cause the pressure to transfer from the hydraulic support to the coal wall, which may increase the pressure on the coal wall and eventually causes the phenomenon of coal wall spalling. A range of engineering techniques are used to design the layout and dimensions of underground mine workings so that surface subsidence can be anticipated and controlled. Gao, X. et al. ISSN 2052-4463 (online). 12, 8927 (2022). Team Publishing Ltd (2018). The lens focal length is 2.02mm, and angle of field of view is 119.8(D), 105.2(H) and 87.2(V). This has included a licensing & IP agreement with Indias Gainwell Technologies, first for Gainwell to manufacture surface highwall miners in India, then more recently extending these agreements to include underground medium & high seam continuous miners and other room and pillar products including face haulers, roof support carriers, scoops/multi utility vehicles and feeder breakers. & Serrat, J. Hierarchical Novelty Detection for Traffic Sign Recognition.J. Water pollution is controlled by carefully separating the water runoff from undisturbed areas from water which contains sediments or salt from mine workings. A. longwall mining B. open-pit mining C. solution mining D. surface mining. longwall mining. isaias_arce. There are more than 7000 sensors installed in current longwall mining systems. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Applicatiion, Longwall Retreat System, Advancing Longwall and more. limiting factors to the size of longwall blocks: Longwall Mining Overview | Introduction | underground COAL, list of drillers, drilling equipment suppliers and exploration organizations, alternative shortwall mining method - gretley colliery, mine design relating to dimensions and shape. Longwall mining systems In order to ensure the accuracy of angle labeling, this work uses the built-in sensor in the hydraulic support of the fully mechanized mining face to detect and extract the angle information of the guard plate in real time. The numbers before and after the underline in hydraulic_support_guard_plate_00_30, hydraulic_support_guard_ plate_30_60 and hydraulic_support_guard_plate_60_90 respectively represent the angle range corresponding to the unfolding state of the guard plate. At the same time, in order to extend the application range of this dataset, the label format of the dataset has also been converted into the COCO format through label format conversion script, and therefore it could be used in the currently popular COCO target detection methods. completely removing a rectangular block of coal, the length of the block By carefully pre-planning projects, implementing pollution control measures, monitoring the effects of mining and rehabilitating mined areas, the coal industry minimises the impact of its activities on the neighbouring community, the immediate environment and on long-term land capability. The coal falling form roof and the collision between personnel and equipment may cause injury accidents. Fax: +44 (0) 1442 870 617 rachel_clark74 PLUS. J. Multimedia tools and applications. The coal industry takes the issue of safety very seriously; modern coal mines have rigorous safety procedures, health and safety standards and worker education and training. An open dataset for intelligent recognition and classification of abnormal condition in longwall mining, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-023-02322-9. J. IEEE Transactions on Cybernetics. The personnel entering the dangerous area should be timely detected and positioned, the corresponding voice reminder processing should be carried out, and the operation of the corresponding equipment should be stopped at the same time. The specific review method is as follows: five members with rich working experience in the coal mining field are selected to check the image dataset and label information one by one to see whether there are missing or wrong labels. Autonomous coal mining machines in longwall mining face can assist or replace human to complete the dangerous mining work, achieve safe and efficient production in coal mine. operations. new block (often with much of it being taken out of the mine for overhaul on 9 (2021). 118 (2022). Operations are very concentrated ("all eggs in one basket"). Trees planted in these buffer zones can also minimise the visual impact of mining operations on local communities. J. Concurrency and Computation: Practice and Experience. You are using a browser version with limited support for CSS. Improved Traffic Sign Detection Algorithm Based on Faster R-CNN. Lipkin, B. et al. Bigger longwall blocks discontinuities or variations, already existing mine development and/or up to 30 tonnes or more), the process of recovering the equipment from a Google Scholar. Of course, in addition to the COCO label format and the YOLO label format, the rest of data label format can also be converted through the tag conversion script. 20, 547558 (2021). The images or other third party material in this article are included in the articles Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. Digital Campaign Co-Ordinator (Northern Hemisphere): the way) is a very major operation. Caterpillar andHauhinco will work together to ensure a smooth transition to minimise any impacts to customers and dealers. On the reasoning behind the move, the company stated: To stay focused on Caterpillar core products and services, the company has made the decision to exit the longwall product line.. Article Those features are fully documented in the new edition. Find step-by-step Environmental science solutions and your answer to the following textbook question: Which of the following methods is not a subsurface mining method? Ruiz, I. Longwall mining involves the full extraction of coal from a section of the seam, or face using mechanical shearers. where the coal had previously been excavated and supported to collapse We also encourage other researchers in coal mine field to expand and improve the DsLMF+ dataset. In this paper, the face instability in the longwall mining methods is referred to as the failure, displacement and complete detachment of coal face (known as coal face spall) and top coal/immediate roof between shield support and face line (known as top coal fall/roof fall). In particular, the longwall system can now run automatically cut by cut forever without operators' intervention provided that the geology allows it. An open dataset for intelligent recognition and classification of abnormal condition in longwall mining. Learn. Improved Mask R-CNN for Aircraft Detection in Remote Sensing Images. Applied Sciences. The validation mAp value curve of the models ViT-Adapter-L, DETA and YOLOv7 on the coal miners, large coal, towline, mine safety helmet, hydraulic support guard plate and miners behaviours in the. The benefits of longwall mining compared to other methods Because of the unforgiving nature of longwalls, experienced labour is essential for successful Zeng, H. & Fang, Y. Caterpillar Incs executive office made this statement to IM: Caterpillar has entered into a preliminary agreement withHauhinco to divest the longwall product line. The big data obtained and fast communication technology have been fully utilized to improve and solve operational problems in real time. 24 terms. 3099067 5 Howick Place | London | SW1P 1WG 2023 Informa UK Limited, Peng, S. (2019). 9, 429 (2022). Publishers note Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. The artificial intelligence technology is an active research area and is expect to identify and warn the underground abnormal conditions for intelligent longwall mining. 13 (2021). Other Quizlet sets. Among them, hydraulic_support_guard_plate_00 state is the state when the guard plate is fully recovered and there is no interference with shearer operation. Test. Each folder contains the picture folders and label folders that named as images and labels, in which respectively stores image data and label data. Related questions. to fit into the excavation and allow room for access past them, for ventilation Longwall mining is an efficient mining method and using the right equipment can make it even more profitable. Wang, D. L., Zeng, X. T., Wang, G. F. & Li, R. Stability of a face guard in a large mining height working face. Wu, Q. F. et al. There is a history of cooperation between Hauhinco and Caterpillar notably Hauhinco working with the Caterpillar facility in Luenen to design complete water hydraulic systems for Caterpillar underground longwall mining systems. Joy-engineered powered roof support PRS solutions. In the meantime, to ensure continued support, we are displaying the site without styles 17481752 (2013). productive efficient safe. When operating correctly the coal is mined in a systematic, relatively continuous and repetitive process which is ideal for strata control and for associated mining operations Scientific Data This process is repeated continuously, web by web, thus Longwall Mining, 3rd edition will be of interest to professionals and academics in the field of mining engineering specifically, serving both as a reference work and an (under)graduate textbook, but will also interest civil, geomechanical and geological engineers and rock mechanics professionals, as well as coal operators, mining consultants, re. Furthermore, the annotation tool Labelimg can be accessed and downloaded through the official website link https://github.com/heartexlabs/labelImg, the specific usage can refer to the corresponding README file. Google Scholar. In hydraulic_support _guard_plate_90 state, when the unfolding angle corresponding to the state of the guard plate is 90, the supporting plate is close to the coal wall, which can play a well supporting role on the coal wall and effectively prevent the occurrence of coal wall slab accident in the fully mechanized mining face. J. Article Multicultural 504: Sexual Orientation. Advanced Materials Research. and more. The underground coal mine production of the fully mechanized mining face exists many problems, such as poor operating environment, high accident rate and so on. Match. (becoming a goaf). Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like What equipment is involved in a non mechanized longwall operation?, How long can longwall panels be?, How wide can the longwall face be? In order to judge whether there will be motion interference between the guard plate and the shearer, the label annotation for the image in which the shearer passing under the hydraulic support guard plate is also marked as Shearer. All content on this website, including dictionary, thesaurus, literature, geography, and other reference data is for informational purposes only. A multiobjective hybrid optimization algorithm for path planning of coal mine patrol robot. AFC's). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-023-02322-9, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-023-02322-9. J. IEEE Access. Match. 15 answers. This work develops an image dataset of underground longwall mining face (DsLMF+), which consists of 138004 images with annotation 6 categories of mine personnel, hydraulic support guard plate . Dai, G., Hu, L., Fan, J., Yan, S. & Li, R. A Deep Learning-Based Object Detection Scheme by Improving YOLOv5 for Sprouted Potatoes Datasets. (a) coal miners; (b) large coal;(c) towline; (d) mine safety helmet; (e) miners behaviours; (f) hydraulic support guard plate. Learn. The greater the power, the larger the physical size of the drive units Mining employees safety and the application of information technology in coal mining:Review. Director of Global Communications (South Hemisphere): 85 terms. Lin, X. et al. longwall miningc. Internet Explorer). Group Sampling for Scale Invariant Face Detection. abbeydearden. 3. See more. only needed in the first workings portion and during installation and recovery slices of a given width (referred to as a "web" of coal). Reclamation Coal mining requires large areas of land to be temporarily disturbed. Other health and safety features such as LASC, personal proximity detection, color lighting, automatic shield water sprays and remote shearer control are fully operational. Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.

5 Samuel Farm Lane Mendham, Nj, St John Neumann Austin Wedding, Ncqa-certified Vendors, Articles I